Disease Control
Disease control involves the reduction of the incidence, prevalence, morbidity or
mortality of a particular disease or group of diseases to a level that is considered
acceptable malaysiantalks. This reduction may be achieved by a variety of methods such as
immunizations, vaccinations, and treatment with antibiotics. The aim of these efforts
is to keep the number of people suffering from a certain disease at a reasonable
level, and prevent future recurrences.
Preventive measures: In infectious diseases, the most common approach is to limit
contact between a susceptible host and the disease agent, such as a mosquito or a
louse. Other approaches include the culling of infected livestock, such as poultry,
and reducing the exposure of wild animals to infection-causing agents, such as those
that cause bovine tuberculosis.
The CDC has many different programs that focus on disease prevention. They
investigate illnesses that people have, such as flu or sexually transmitted infections;
they watch for cases of hepatitis, COVID-19, or HIV; and they help communities track
outbreaks of rabies and Lyme disease.
Infectious diseases are also spread by environmental factors, such as polluted air or
unclean water. Often, measures to reduce the amount of contaminants in the
environment are sufficient to bring the disease under control. These include
disinfecting surfaces that have been exposed to an infectious agent, and cleaning
and replacing equipment that may have been used to spread the disease.
Isolation: Another method of preventing the spread of infection is to isolate sick
individuals who are not exhibiting symptoms. This can be done at home, in a
workplace, or in a health care setting, such as a hospital.
Quarantine: This is a type of isolation, but it is usually used for infectious diseases
that are highly contagious. These include the Ebola virus and measles.
The CDC also has several laboratories that are responsible for testing and testing
samples to make sure that they are free of a particular pathogen. They have been
criticized for their lab safety, especially after a flu sample was accidentally
contaminated with the H5N1 virus in 2014, but the agency’s chief has pushed for
reform.
Treatment: The most important aspect of disease treatment is to restore the normal
physiological state of an infected individual. This is a twofold process: the body has a
natural ability to replace damaged cells and walls, and it has a set of defense and
detoxification mechanisms that remove the noxious agents from the body.
These mechanisms can be stimulated, or reinforced, by therapeutic agents that
target a specific problem in the body or the body’s metabolic machinery. For
example, the use of insulin to treat diabetes mellitus corrects a metabolic defect,
but more often, specific therapeutic measures for idiopathic disease are unavailable.
The CDC is well-known for its role in responding to epidemics, such as the Ebola and
Zika viruses. Its emergency operations center, staffed by experts from around the
world, coordinates the delivery of medical supplies and trains local public health
workers on the proper use of surveillance techniques, such as contact tracing.